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Frank M. Painter

About Frank M. Painter

I was introduced to Chiro.Org in early 1996, where my friend Joe Garolis helped me learn HTML, the "mark-up language" for websites. We have been fortunate that journals like JMPT have given us permission to reproduce some early important articles in Full-Text format. Maintaining the Org website has been, and remains, my favorite hobby.
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Development, Validation and Use of Custom Software for the Analysis of Pain Trajectories

By |August 18, 2024|Low Back Pain, Trajectories of Back Pain|

Development, Validation and Use of Custom Software for the Analysis of Pain Trajectories

The Chiro.Org Blog

SOURCE:   Sci Rep 2024 (Aug 12); 14 (1): 18719

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M. R. van Ittersum • A. de Zoete • M. Rubinstein • Al-Madfai
A. Kongsted • P. McCarthy

Chiropractie Groesbeek,
Nijmeegsebaan 32, 6561 KG,
Groesbeek, The Netherlands.

In chronic musculoskeletal conditions, the prognosis tends to be more informative than the diagnosis for the future course of the disease. Many studies have identified clusters of patients who seemingly share similar pain trajectories. In a dataset of low back pain (LBP) patients, pain trajectories have been identified, and distinct trajectory types have been defined, making it possible to create pattern recognition software that can classify patients into respective pain trajectories reflecting their condition. It has been suggested that the classification of pain trajectories may create clinically meaningful subgroups of patients in an otherwise heterogeneous population of patients with LBP. A software tool was created that combined the ability to recognise the pain trajectory of patients with a system that could create subgroups of patients based on their characteristics. This tool is primarily meant for researchers to analyse trends in large heterogeneous datasets without large losses of data. Prospective analysis of pain trajectories is not directly helpful for clinicians. However, the tool might aid in the identification of patient characteristics which have predictive capabilities of the most likely trajectory a patient might experience in the future. This will help clinicians to tailor their advice and treatment for a specific patient.

Subject terms:   Data mining, Chronic pain, Prognosis

From the FULL TEXT Article:

Introduction

In chronic musculoskeletal diseases, diagnosis alone is often insufficient to inform patients and clinicians about the future course of the disease. [1] Most chronic musculoskeletal diseases, such as low back pain (LBP), are caused by a complex combination of biological, psychological, social, and genetic factors that influence the course of the disease. [2] It is therefore argued that prognosis, which considers all of these elements, might be a better framework to inform patients and clinicians about the likely course of the disease. [1]

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The TRAJECTORIES OF LOW BACK PAIN Section

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MRI Findings of Disc Degeneration are More Prevalent in Adults with Low Back Pain than in Asymptomatic Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

By |June 26, 2024|Low Back Pain, Radiology|

MRI Findings of Disc Degeneration are More Prevalent in Adults with Low Back Pain than in Asymptomatic Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Chiro.Org Blog

SOURCE:   AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015 (Dec)

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W. Brinjikji • F.E. Diehn • Jarvik
C.M. Carr • Murad • P.H. Luetmera

Department of Neurological Surgery and Health Services,
Comparative Effectiveness Cost and Outcomes Research Center (J.G.J.)
Department of Radiology (J.G.J.),
University of Washington,
Seattle, Washington.

Background and purpose:   Imaging features of spine degeneration are common in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. We compared the prevalence of MR imaging features of lumbar spine degeneration in adults 50 years of age and younger with and without self-reported low back pain.

Materials and methods:   We performed a meta-analysis of studies reporting the prevalence of degenerative lumbar spine MR imaging findings in asymptomatic and symptomatic adults 50 years of age or younger. Symptomatic individuals had axial low back pain with or without radicular symptoms. Two reviewers evaluated each article for the following outcomes: disc bulge, disc degeneration, disc extrusion, disc protrusion, annular fissures, Modic 1 changes, any Modic changes, central canal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, and spondylolysis. The meta-analysis was performed by using a random-effects model.

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RADIOLOGY Section and the

LOW BACK PAIN Section

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A Retrospective Analysis of the Incidence of Severe Adverse Events Among Recipients of Chiropractic Spinal Manipulative Therapy

By |June 24, 2024|Adverse Events, Spinal Manipulation|

A Retrospective Analysis of the Incidence of Severe Adverse Events Among Recipients of Chiropractic Spinal Manipulative Therapy

The Chiro.Org Blog

SOURCE:   Sci Rep 2023 (Jan 23); 13 (1): 1254

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Eric Chun-Pu Chu • Robert J Trager
Linda Yin-King Lee • Imran Khan Niazi

New York Chiropractic and Physiotherapy Centre,
EC Healthcare, 41/F Langham Place Office Tower,
8 Argyle Street, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

This study examined the incidence and severity of adverse events (AEs) of patients receiving chiropractic spinal manipulative therapy (SMT), with the hypothesis that < 1 per 100,000 SMT sessions results in a grade ≥ 3 (severe) AE. A secondary objective was to examine independent predictors of grade ≥ 3 AEs. We identified patients with SMT-related AEs from January 2017 through August 2022 across 30 chiropractic clinics in Hong Kong. AE data were extracted from a complaint log, including solicited patient surveys, complaints, and clinician reports, and corroborated by medical records. AEs were independently graded 1–5 based on severity (1–mild, 2–moderate, 3–severe, 4–life-threatening, 5–death). Among 960,140 SMT sessions for 54,846 patients, 39 AEs were identified, two were grade 3, both of which were rib fractures occurring in women age > 60 with osteoporosis, while none were grade ≥ 4, yielding an incidence of grade ≥ 3 AEs of 0.21 per 100,000 SMT sessions (95% CI 0.00, 0.56 per 100,000). There were no AEs related to stroke or cauda equina syndrome. The sample size was insufficient to identify predictors of grade ≥ 3 AEs using multiple logistic regression. In this study, severe SMT-related AEs were reassuringly very rare.

Subject terms:   Adverse effects, Rehabilitation

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ADVERSE EVENTS Section

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Cost of Chiropractic Versus Medical Management of Adults with Spine-related Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review

By |May 8, 2024|Cost-Effectiveness of Chiropractic, Initial Provider, Spinal Pain|

Cost of Chiropractic Versus Medical Management of Adults with Spine-related Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review

The Chiro.Org Blog

SOURCE:   Chiropractic & Manual Therapies 2024 (Mar 6); 32: 8

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Ronald Farabaugh • Cheryl Hawk • Dave Taylor • Clinton Daniels • Claire Noll • Mike Schneider • John McGowan • Wayne Whalen • Ron Wilcox • Richard Sarnat • Leonard Suiter • James Whedon

American Chiropractic Association,
2008 St. Johns Avenue,
Highland Park, Illiois. 60035
Arlington, VA, USA.

FROM:   Houweling, JMPT 2015

Background:   The cost of spine-related pain in the United States is estimated at $134.5 billion. Spinal pain patients have multiple options when choosing healthcare providers, resulting in variable costs. Escalation of costs occurs when downstream costs are added to episode costs of care. The purpose of this review was to compare costs of chiropractic and medical management of patients with spine-related pain.

Methods:   A Medline search was conducted from inception through October 31, 2022, for cost data on U.S. adults treated for spine-related pain. The search included economic studies, randomized controlled trials and observational studies. All studies were independently evaluated for quality and risk of bias by 3 investigators and data extraction was performed by 3 investigators.

Results:   The literature search found 2256 citations, of which 93 full-text articles were screened for eligibility. Forty-four studies were included in the review, including 26 cohort studies, 17 cost studies and 1 randomized controlled trial. All included studies were rated as high or acceptable quality. Spinal pain patients who consulted chiropractors as first providers needed fewer opioid prescriptions, surgeries, hospitalizations, emergency department visits, specialist referrals and injection procedures.

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COST-EFFECTIVENESS Section and the

SPINAL PAIN MANAGEMENT Section and the

INITIAL PROVIDER/FIRST CONTACT Section

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Vertebral Subluxation and Systems Biology: An Integrative Review Exploring the Salutogenic Influence of Chiropractic Care on the Neuroendocrine-Immune System

By |April 24, 2024|Neurology, Subluxation|

Vertebral Subluxation and Systems Biology: An Integrative Review Exploring the Salutogenic Influence of Chiropractic Care on the Neuroendocrine-Immune System

The Chiro.Org Blog

SOURCE:   Cureus 2024 (Mar 15); 16 (3): e56223

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Amy Haas • Jonathan Chung • Christopher Kent • Brooke Mills and Matthew McCoy

Foundation for Vertebral Subluxation
4390 Bells Ferry Road
Kennesaw, Georgia 30144

In this paper we synthesize an expansive body of literature examining the multifaceted influence of chiropractic care on processes within and modulators of the neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) system, for the purpose of generating an inductive hypothesis regarding the potential impacts of chiropractic care on integrated physiology. Taking a broad, interdisciplinary, and integrative view of two decades of research-documented outcomes of chiropractic care, inclusive of reports ranging from systematic and meta-analysis and randomized and observational trials to case and cohort studies, this review encapsulates a rigorous analysis of research and suggests the appropriateness of a more integrative perspective on the impact of chiropractic care on systemic physiology. A novel perspective on the salutogenic, health-promoting effects of chiropractic adjustment is presented, focused on the improvement of physical indicators of well-being and adaptability such as blood pressure, heart rate variability, and sleep, potential benefits that may be facilitated through multiple neurologically mediated pathways. Our findings support the biological plausibility of complex benefits from chiropractic intervention that is not limited to simple neuromusculoskeletal outcomes and open new avenues for future research, specifically the exploration and mapping of the precise neural pathways and networks influenced by chiropractic adjustment.

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SUBLUXATION Section

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