Subluxation

A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Different Sites of High-velocity Low Amplitude Thrust on Sensorimotor Integration Parameters

By Frank M. Painter|March 17, 2024|Sensorimotor Integration, Subluxation|

A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Different Sites of High-velocity Low Amplitude Thrust on Sensorimotor Integration Parameters

SOURCE: Scientific Reports 2024 (Jan 12); 14 (1): 1159

Imran Khan Niazi • Muhammad Samran Navid • Christopher Merkle • Imran Amjad
Nitika Kumari • Robert J Trager • Kelly Holt • Heidi Haavik

Centre for Chiropractic Research,
New Zealand College of Chiropractic,
Auckland, New Zealand

Increasing evidence suggests that a high-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) thrust directed at a dysfunctional vertebral segment in people with subclinical spinal pain alters various neurophysiological measures, including somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs). We hypothesized that an HVLA thrust applied to a clinician chosen vertebral segment based on clinical indicators of vertebral dysfunction, in short, segment considered as “relevant” would significantly reduce the N30 amplitude compared to an HVLA thrust applied to a predetermined vertebral segment not based on clinical indicators of vertebral dysfunction or segment considered as “non-relevant”. In this double-blinded, active-controlled, parallel-design study, 96 adults with recurrent mild neck pain, ache, or stiffness were randomly allocated to receiving a single thrust directed at either a segment considered as “relevant” or a segment considered as “non-relevant” in their upper cervical spine. SEPs of median nerve stimulation were recorded before and immediately after a single HVLA application delivered using an adjusting instrument (Activator). A linear mixed model was used to assess changes in the N30 amplitude. A significant interaction between the site of thrust delivery and session was found (F_1,840 = 9.89, p < 0.002). Pairwise comparisons showed a significant immediate decrease in the N30 complex amplitude after the application of HVLA thrust to a segment considered "relevant" (- 16.76 ± 28.32%, p = 0.005). In contrast, no significant change was observed in the group that received HVLA thrust over a segment considered "non-relevant" (p = 0.757). Cervical HVLA thrust applied to the segment considered as "relevant" altered sensorimotor parameters, while cervical HVLA thrust over the segment considered as "non-relevant" did not. This finding supports the hypothesis that spinal site targeting of HVLA interventions is important when measuring neurophysiological responses. Further studies are needed to explore the potential clinical relevance of these findings.

There are more articles like this @

SUBLUXATION Section

(more…)

0

A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Different Sites of High-velocity Low Amplitude Thrust on Sensorimotor Integration Parameters

By Frank M. Painter|January 29, 2024|Sensorimotor Integration, Subluxation|

A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Different Sites of High-velocity Low Amplitude Thrust on Sensorimotor Integration Parameters

The Chiro.Org Blog

SOURCE: Scientific Reports 2024 (Jan 12); 14 (1): 1159

Imran Khan Niazi • Muhammad Samran Navid • Christopher Merkle • Imran Amjad
Nitika Kumari • Robert J Trager • Kelly Holt • Heidi Haavik

Centre for Chiropractic Research,
New Zealand College of Chiropractic,
Auckland, New Zealand

Increasing evidence suggests that a high-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) thrust directed at a dysfunctional vertebral segment in people with subclinical spinal pain alters various neurophysiological measures, including somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs). We hypothesized that an HVLA thrust applied to a clinician chosen vertebral segment based on clinical indicators of vertebral dysfunction, in short, segment considered as “relevant” would significantly reduce the N30 amplitude compared to an HVLA thrust applied to a predetermined vertebral segment not based on clinical indicators of vertebral dysfunction or segment considered as “non-relevant”. In this double-blinded, active-controlled, parallel-design study, 96 adults with recurrent mild neck pain, ache, or stiffness were randomly allocated to receiving a single thrust directed at either a segment considered as “relevant” or a segment considered as “non-relevant” in their upper cervical spine. SEPs of median nerve stimulation were recorded before and immediately after a single HVLA application delivered using an adjusting instrument (Activator). A linear mixed model was used to assess changes in the N30 amplitude. A significant interaction between the site of thrust delivery and session was found (F_1,840 = 9.89, p < 0.002). Pairwise comparisons showed a significant immediate decrease in the N30 complex amplitude after the application of HVLA thrust to a segment considered "relevant" (- 16.76 ± 28.32%, p = 0.005). In contrast, no significant change was observed in the group that received HVLA thrust over a segment considered "non-relevant" (p = 0.757). Cervical HVLA thrust applied to the segment considered as "relevant" altered sensorimotor parameters, while cervical HVLA thrust over the segment considered as "non-relevant" did not. This finding supports the hypothesis that spinal site targeting of HVLA interventions is important when measuring neurophysiological responses. Further studies are needed to explore the potential clinical relevance of these findings.

There are more articles like this @

SUBLUXATION Section

(more…)

0

Joint Assessment – P.A.R.T.S.

By Frank M. Painter|November 12, 2023|Joint Dysfunction, Motion Palpation, Subluxation|

Joint Assessment – P.A.R.T.S.

The Chiro.Org Blog

SOURCE: Topics in Clinical Chiropractic 2000; 7 (3): 1–10
Thomas F. Bergmann, DC, Bradley A. Finer, DC, DACAN

Professor, Clinical Science Division
Northwestern Health Sciences University
College of Chiropractic
Bloomington, Minnesota

Purpose: An approach to systematically perform clinical work-up for chiropractic subluxation is proposed. Literature on assessment approaches is reviewed and a discussion is presented.

Method: A qualitative review of clinical and scientific literature related to assessment methodologies for subluxation was performed.

Summary: Variation in assessment techniques exists for identification of spinal and other articular joint dysfunction. Useful scientific data also are limited to only a few approaches, and there is a need for a more systematic assessment approach profession wide.

Key words: Articular range of motion, chiropractic, Medicare, palpation, physical examination, subluxation

From the FULL TEXT Article

Background

Doctors of chiropractic are portals of entry to the health care system for many patients seeking health care services. As such, they must maintain broad and thorough assessment/diagnostic skills. Before employing any therapy, a clinician must first determine if there is a need for treatment. Therefore, the clinical information that any primary contact provider would want, including a case history, physical examination, clinical laboratory findings, radiographic findings, and any other tests necessary to check for suspected health problems, is needed. Having gathered and interpreted this information, it must be processed in order to arrive at a sound clinical conclusion.

There are more articles like this @ our:

LOCATING SUBLUXATIONS Section

(more…)

0

Chiropractic Lexicon: Useful or Not?

By Frank M. Painter|January 7, 2023|Subluxation|

Chiropractic Lexicon: Useful or Not?

The Chiro.Org Blog

SOURCE: Asia Pacific Chiropractic Journal 2023; 3.3
David Cahill, BAppSc(Chiro)

President,
Australian Chiropractors Association

Obtaining an ultimate definition of this ‘something’ we have been addressing, successfully, for over 125 years is elusive, yet this allows flexibility when defining it within different contexts. This provides space for chiropractors to do this (both consciously and subconsciously) every day in practice, and over time to use their growing experience to add complexity and subtlety to their conceptual framework, and their application of their science and art. Millions of patients over the years would attest to the value in that.

Indexing Terms: chiropractic; subluxation; definition; lexicon; rhetoric

From the FULL TEXT Article:

We all address something

For well over a century, chiropractors have successfully been addressing ‘something’, primarily within the spine and its adjacent structures. They observed a phenomenon and devised ways to impact upon it. This resulted in health outcomes significant enough to grow a profession, and an associated body of literature evidence.

Words were chosen

It was chosen early on to use the term subluxation, which is understandable as it often feels to palpation that some sort of misplacement is involved. Right from the very start, it was more than a ‘bone out of place’. Neurological involvement was part of the concept from the beginning, endeavouring to explain the body-wide effects that were observed.

Concepts were developed

Over the years, conceptual frameworks for the ‘something’ were developed. This conceptual development was significantly clinician-driven and therefore, one would imagine, informed and motivated by patient outcomes; to this day our great strength. With time, these frameworks gained considerable complexity, and diversity. Again, this is understandable, as human beings are both complex and diverse. For example, the SOT group had a focus on dural attachments, CSF flow, and their relationship to the functioning of the sacrum and cranium; the various upper cervical techniques zeroed-in on adjusting C0, C1 and C2; Logan had more of a base-up approach, as did Gonstead, etc.

There are more articles like this @ our:

SUBLUXATION Section

(more…)

0

The Contemporary Model of Vertebral Column Joint Dysfunction and Impact of High-velocity, Low-amplitude Controlled Vertebral Thrusts on Neuromuscular Function

By Frank M. Painter|December 17, 2021|Neurology, Subluxation|

The Contemporary Model of Vertebral Column Joint Dysfunction and Impact of High-velocity, Low-amplitude Controlled Vertebral Thrusts on Neuromuscular Function

The Chiro.Org Blog

SOURCE: European J Applied Physiology 2021 (Oct); 121 (10): 2675–2720

Heidi Haavik, Nitika Kumari, Kelly Holt, Imran Khan Niazi, Imran Amjad, Amit N Pujari, Kemal Sitki Türker, Bernadette Murphy

Centre for Chiropractic Research,
New Zealand College of Chiropractic,
Auckland, New Zealand.

Purpose: There is growing evidence that vertebral column function and dysfunction play a vital role in neuromuscular control. This invited review summarises the evidence about how vertebral column dysfunction, known as a central segmental motor control (CSMC) problem, alters neuromuscular function and how spinal adjustments (high-velocity, low-amplitude or HVLA thrusts directed at a CSMC problem) and spinal manipulation (HVLA thrusts directed at segments of the vertebral column that may not have clinical indicators of a CSMC problem) alters neuromuscular function.

Methods: The current review elucidates the peripheral mechanisms by which CSMC problems, the spinal adjustment or spinal manipulation alter the afferent input from the paravertebral tissues. It summarises the contemporary model that provides a biologically plausible explanation for CSMC problems, the manipulable spinal lesion. This review also summarises the contemporary, biologically plausible understanding about how spinal adjustments enable more efficient production of muscular force. The evidence showing how spinal dysfunction, spinal manipulation and spinal adjustments alter central multimodal integration and motor control centres will be covered in a second invited review.

Results: Many studies have shown spinal adjustments increase voluntary force and prevent fatigue, which mainly occurs due to altered supraspinal excitability and multimodal integration. The literature suggests physical injury, pain, inflammation, and acute or chronic physiological or psychological stress can alter the vertebral column’s central neural motor control, leading to a CSMC problem. The many gaps in the literature have been identified, along with suggestions for future studies.

There are more articles like this @ our:

CHIROPRACTIC SUBLUXATION Page

(more…)

0

The Chiropractic Vertebral Subluxation Part 1

By Frank M. Painter|April 19, 2019|Subluxation|

The Chiropractic Vertebral Subluxation Part 1: Introduction

The Chiro.Org Blog

SOURCE: J Chiropractic Humanities 2018 (Dec); 25: 146–168

Simon A.Senzon, MA, DC

School of Health and Human Sciences,
Southern Cross University,
Lismore, New South Wales, Australia.

Objective The objective of this article is to present a rationale for the need of a history of chiropractic vertebral subluxation (CVS) theory based on primary sources.

Discussion There is a dichotomy in the chiropractic profession around subluxation terminology, which has many facets. The literature around this topic spans social, economic, cultural, and scientific questions. By developing a rationale for a historical perspective of CVS theory, including the tracking of the historical development of ideas throughout the profession, a foundation for future discourse may emerge.

There are more articles like this @ our:

What is the Chiropractic Subluxation? Page

(more…)

0